Past Perfect:










Structure:
Affirmative: 
Subject +had +present participle form of verbs+ object/extensions
Negative:
Subject +had+ not+ present participle form of verbs+ object/extensions
Interrogative:
Had +Subject + present participle form of verbs+ object/extensions?
Negative Interrogative:
Hadn’t +Subject + present participle form of verbs+ object/extensions?

Use of Past Perfect Tense:
1: A completed action before something else in the past.
  • When we arrived when the film had started. (= first the film started, then later we arrived)
2: To explain or give a reason for something in the past.
  • I'd eaten dinner so I wasn't hungry.
  • It had rained in the night, so the train didn't arrive in time.
3: Stative verbs only: something that started in the past and continued up to another action in the past.
  • When he graduated, he had been in Dhaka for six years.

    (= he arrived in Dhaka six years before he graduated and lived there continuously until he graduated, or even longer)
4: As part of the third conditional.
If I had known you were ill, I would have visited you
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